Taxonomy


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Taxonomy

Taxonomy is the science of naming, describing and classifying organisms and includes all plants,animals and microorganisms of the world

Linnaeus ( Father of Taxonomy) :

Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist, is considered the father of taxonomy. He formulated a method of naming organisms called the binomial system of nomenclature. In this system, each type of organism has two Latin names—one for its genus and the other for its species. Thus, all frogs have the genus name Rana and the Indian bullfrog has the species name tigrina, so the bullfrog is called Rana tigrina.

  • Linnaeus also introduced a sequence of groups of organisms, or a way of classifying them. All organisms were divided into kingdoms.
  • The kingdoms were divided into phyla (singular: phylum), the phyla into classes and the classes into orders.
  • Then came family, followed by genus and species. Individuals of a species bear the closest resemblance to each other. The species within a genus have many common features.
  • The genera (plural of genus) of one family are more closely linked than those of another family, and so on. The species is the most basic unit of classification. Members of a species breed among themselves. It is also the basic unit of evolution. So, the correct sequence is
  •                Organismsrightarrow Superkingdomrightarrow Kingdomsrightarrow Phylarightarrow Classesrightarrow Ordersrightarrow Familiesrightarrow Generarightarrow Species

    Sample Questions
    (More Questions for each concept available in Login)
    Question : 1

    Assertion : The science of classifiying organisms is called taxonomy.

    Reason : Systematics and taxonomy have same meaning.

    Right Option : C
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    The scientific name of mango is written as_______________

    Right Option : B
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    The latest classification of biological kingdom has been contributed by __________

    Right Option : A
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    Explanation
     
     
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